The Cardiopulmonary System and Movement Dysfunction

Cardiopulmonary bypass induces neurologic and neurocognitive dysfunction in the rat.

BACKGROUND Neurocognitive dysfunction is a common complication of cardiac surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Elucidating injury mechanisms and developing neuroprotective strategies have been hampered by the lack of a suitable long-term recovery model of CPB. The purpose of this study was to investigate neurologic and neurocognitive outcome after CPB in a recovery model of CPB in the ra...

Cardiopulmonary Dysfunction After Smoke Inhalation Injury

With the inhalation of smoke, there are both cardiopulmonary changes and elevated levels of carbon monoxide (CO). We hypothesize that these changes in cardiopulmonary function are the result of a histotoxic hypoxia associated with CO poisoning. This hypothesis was tested in chronically instrumented sheep (n= 19). Piezoelectric crystals were attached to the left ventricle for the measurement of ...

Cardiopulmonary bypass and the coagulation system

Cardiopulmonary bypass exerts intended and unintended effects on the enzymatic and formed elements of the coagulation and inflammatory systems. Compared with adults, children are at special risk for known, and unknown, differences in their hemostatic systems. Management of these risks will be presented from a surgical perspective, supporting those strategies with a combination of peer-reviewed ...

COVID-19: The potential role of nutritional deficiencies, global climatic changes, and immune system dysfunction

Cognitive dysfunction and dementia in movement disorders

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) represent the most common neurodegenerative disorders, and while AD is the most prevalent cause of dementia, PD, the commonest bradykinetic movement disorder, has a cumulative prevalence of dementia of 75-90% (PD dementia – PDD) particularly in patients with a disease duration of 10 years or longer. At the opposite end of the spectrum of mov...